Sistema de geração eólica e armazenamento de energia para aplicações off-grid

Abstract

This work presents the development, implementation, and experimental validation of a wind microgeneration system based on a helical Savonius turbine coupled to a permanent magnet generator, designed for off-grid applications. The system is suitable for regions where the average wind incidence exceeds 9 km/h, a threshold that enables efficient operation and effective local energy utilization. The study included the design, construction, and laboratory testing of the prototype, with analysis of aerodynamic performance, electrical characteristics, behavior under different load conditions, as well as rectification and energy storage strategies. The experiments demonstrated that the system operates efficiently under practical conditions, providing energy to small loads and ensuring stable battery charging in typical usage scenarios. The robustness of the Savonius–Permanent Magnet Generator (PMG) set stands out, along with the proper operation of the rectification, filtering, and DC/DC conversion circuits, as well as the automatic load management by a dedicated controller board. The analyses also evidenced the impact of proper component sizing and the converter’s limits (maximum current of 5 A) on ensuring autonomy, safety, and battery lifespan. It is concluded that the developed architecture represents a sustainable, viable, and lowcost alternative for distributed generation in remote locations—especially where access to the grid is unfeasible and moderate winds occur—becoming an accessible solution for basic energy demands in isolated communities.